VRRP（虚拟路由冗余协议）与BFD（双向故障检测）绑定是一种网络配置技术，通过将VRRP备份组与BFD会话联动，实现在链路故障时快速切换主备网关。

实验拓扑：

实验配置：

LSW1的配置：
进行接口配置
[LSW1]vlan batch 10 20
[LSW1]interface g0/0/1
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[LSW1]interface g0/0/2
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface g0/0/2port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface g0/0/2port default vlan 20
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[LSW1]interface g0/0/3
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[LSW1]interface g0/0/4
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit
 

AR1的配置：
配置终结子接口
[AR1]interface g0/0/0.10
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]dot1q termination vid 10  //此接口的数据包打上VLAN10标签
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]ip address 192.168.10.251 24  //接口IP
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]arp broadcast enable  //ARP广播打开
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]quit
[AR1]interface g0/0/0.20
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]dot1q termination vid 20
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]ip address 192.168.20.251 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]arp broadcast enable
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]quit
配置接口IP
[AR1]interface g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 13.1.1.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
设置动态路由
[AR1]ospf router-id 1.1.1.1
[AR1-ospf-1]area 0
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[AR1-ospf-1]quit
对VRRP的配置
[AR1]interface g0/0/0.10
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254  //配置虚拟路由1的IP
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 200  //在虚拟路由1里的优先级为200
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]quit
[AR1]interface g0/0/0.20
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254  //配置虚拟路由2
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]quit
配置BFD
[AR1]bfd
[AR1-bfd]quit
[AR1]bfd vrrp bind peer-ip 13.1.1.3 source-ip 13.1.1.1 auto //BFD绑定VRRP，设置之间通信的IP
[AR1-bfd-session-vrrp]commit //保存配置
[AR1-bfd-session-vrrp]quit
[AR1]interface g0/0/0.10
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session session-name vrrp red
uced 120  //跟踪BFD会话，检测到BFD故障，VRRP优先级减120

AR2的配置：
配置子接口
[AR2]interface g0/0/0.10
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]dot1q termination vid 10
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]ip address 192.168.10.252 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]arp broadcast enable
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]quit
[AR2]interface g0/0/0.20
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]dot1q termination vid 20
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]ip address 192.168.20.252 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]arp broadcast enable
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]quit
设置接口IP
[AR2]interface g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.2 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
配置动态路由
[AR2]ospf router-id 2.2.2.2
[AR2-ospf-1]area 0
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[AR2-ospf-1]quit
配置VRRP
[AR2]interface g0/0/0.10
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10]quit
[AR2]interface g0/0/0.20
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 200
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.20]quit
配置BFD
[AR2]bfd
[AR2-bfd]quit
[AR2]bfd vrrp bind peer-ip 13.1.1.1 source-ip 13.1.1.3 auto
[AR2-bfd-session-vrrp]commit
[AR2-bfd-session-vrrp]quit
 

AR3的配置：
配置接口IP
[AR3]interface g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 13.1.1.3 24
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[AR3]interface g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.3 24
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[AR3]interface loopback 0
[AR3-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 32
[AR3-LoopBack0]quit
配置动态路由
[AR3]ospf router-id 3.3.3.3
[AR3-ospf-1]area 0
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[AR3-ospf-1]quit
 

实验测试：

使用display命令查看AR1上VRRP的相关信息

关闭AR3的g0/0/0接口然后在PC1追踪3.3.3.3

综上所述，VRRP与BFD绑定是提升网络可靠性和业务连续性的重要手段。通过合理配置和验证，可以确保在链路故障时实现快速切换，减少业务中断时间。同时，也需要注意一些特定的配置限制和注意事项，以确保配置的正确性和有效性。